Abstract
Nursing student’s attitude has shown gap of accuracy. This study aimed to cultivate the public mind in nursing students. A twenty-nursing student by purposive sampling of the Third year nursing student from Boromarajonani College of Nursing, Nakhon Si Thammarat. Three steps for cultivation in the nursing student public mind consisted of service mind capacity surveying, service mind capacity building, and network of service mind expanding. The results revealed that three components to develop the public mind are themselves, their families and society. A model for cultivated the public mind in nursing student involved three elements; the policy development, the strategic planning determination, and operational development. An approach to public awareness based on the opinion of the students including 1) pre-regard to collective, 2) regard to public awareness, 3) experiencing the Self-conscious, 4)experiencing the others-consciousness, and 5) experiencing the community-consciousness. This research proposes to establish the policy for remaining the student’s public mind, encouraging the institutions integrate the cultivation public mind in the lessons and activities, and creating collaboration with their parents to gain the nursing student’s public mind.
Keywords:Public-Mind, Cultivation, Nursing Students
1. Introduction
The public mind is consciousness or mental public. The layer of meaning is known as a similar meaning on consciousness and mind included the public consciousness, good conscious, and social consciousness. In Buddhism known as sacrifice energy,merciful mind and intelligence for the benefit of society and the happiness of others as a consequence of a spiritual happiness when good deeds which filled with mental was calm, cool, and the forces to do good things. The public mind is the result of the evaluationto feature on attitudes, beliefs, values and interests of the individual comments that cover choosing, social responsibility, without monetary, and beyond basic obligations.
Volunteerism exists in human since people design to do goodness. However, human obstacles such as failure, disrespectful, and insult interrupt a volunteering behavior. Trained mind to overcome the barricade is imperative to empower the construction of a conscious mind that were applied for educational institutes.
A social cognitive learning theory explains that personal goals, in turn, enhance organizational attainments directly via the mediation of analytic strategies. As managers begin to form a self-schema of their efficacy through further experience, the performance system is regulated more strongly and intricately through their self-conceptions of managerial efficacy. Although the relative strength of the constituent influences changes with increasing experience, these influences operate together as a triadic reciprocal control system (Robert Wood and Albert Bandura, 2013).
As, the interactionism model is a popular theory that was universal recognized that set a point of view causes of behavioral expression in different dimensions such as cause of mind, cause of state, and cause of co-influence or interaction between characteristics of mind and state on human behavioral pattern (NongnapasThiengkamol. (2012). According to public consciousness or public mind based on inspiration from insight is different from motivation is doesn’t need any reward. Inspiration of public consciousness might occur due to appreciation of a role model or idle, impressive events, notable situations, impressive environment, and media perceived (Thiengkamol, 2009a, Thiengkamol, 2009b, Thiengkamol, 2011a, &Thiengkamol, 2011e).
Boromarajonani College of Nursing, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand (BCNNST) must develop the graduates to achieve service mind—to provide friendly service with compassion, attention to the problems and suffering of clients and stakeholders, serving as problems and patient’s needs by deep listening. Thus, expansion student nurse’s prosocial behavior—social responsibility, equity, and reciprocity is the greatest of instructor’s mission to emphasize.
2. Objective
The objective was to develop the pattern of the public-mind consciousness in nursing students.
3. Methodology
The qualitative research design by applying step by step as follows:
3.1 The 20 purposive sampling from the 108 population were the Third year nursing students of BCNNST.
3.2 A three-step for cultivated the nursing student’s public mind covered;
3.2.1 Service mind capacity surveying aimed to study the understanding of the public consciousness in the students.
3.2.2 Service mind capacity building aimed to provide the students with a positive attitude towards the public consciousness.
3.2.3 Network of service mind expanding purposed to encourage how to build the social or public affection in the students.
3.3 The research instruments used to develop public-minded consciousness included three categories. The first type was learned with three model of the behavioral movies a cancer patient who taking care of 10 orphans, the pianist’s caregiver had learned piano for 2 years for achieved herself instead the elderly pianist who deformed left arm be able to play piano, and group of volunteers training imitating natural sounds such as rain and frogs to storytelling for blindness heavenly perceived the voices. The second one was intuitive writing explored processes and results of reflective thinking or self-observation. It puts the sample thought to aware of a volunteerism clearly for giving reasons of public-minded consciousness. The last one was process of Appreciation Influence Control (AIC) for learning through the direct experience.
3.4 The data was gathered by in depth interviews in this study elicited detail information about volunteering behaviors. In depth interviews also explored details rising from the public-minded consciousness in terms of knowledge and understandings, the reason in making decisions of public-minded consciousness and the public-minded behaviors.
3.5 Analysis of data used were content analysis refered to research objective.
4. Results
4.1 Service mind capacity
Service mind capacity in nursing students refer to understand in the public-minded consciousness with insight into two aspects as followed;
a) An integration of people who have public-mindedness done for public activities like helping other people or society and environmental conservation activities which occured in various festivals. As the samples said;
“… any activities that help others such as cleaning the temple on a holiday…”
“… anyone can be a volunteer by kindness to others. Previously, thoughtful public activity as a volunteer camp that is a major projects… “
“… integration activities such as clubs, including any kind of a group activity in the festival. …”
“… Joint effort with the leader”
b) Public-minded consciousness is the helpful behaviors expressing sacrifice for people or social without expecting rewards.As the samples said;
“… We have a heart to help others without being forced whether a little or bundles. This starts from myself before”.
“…helping others is good because it is benefit others without expecting for return “.
“… helping soul as it allows recipients to feel good. To help someone in a trouble or not is more benefit “
“… bringing the ability to help others”.
After the sample watched the 3 modeling behavioral movies they clarify understanding the nature of public-minded consciousness is the idea of people that need to do for the benefit of others and social. Whether it cover maintenance activities in the public domain, helping people to benefit or to assist those who have suffered. By those actions do not expect for return. This public-minded consciousness is able to achieved to anyone, even though they didn’t used to think. The prototype also set the modeling to another one. Furthermore, people have found happiness with public-minded consciousness without expecting rewards. As the samples said;
“… anyone can be a volunteer by kindness to others”.
“… public-minded consciousness is cultivated by oneself to do for others but not for themselves “.
“… At first, I thought public-minded consciousness was be involved, but indeed that is the benefit to do for others”.
4.2 Service mind capacity building
Nursing students learned public-minded consciousness as a process of thinking and attitude of helping others, a community, and social which reasonable reconstruction from the value realization of the action to the other party or context of the community and society without expecting rewards until succeed the individual confidence as the samples said;
“… developing personal public mind is changing attitude from shame of volunteering behavior to keep my spirit up“.
“…previously I thought, was that good to pick garbage up or not because most people didn’t do. After I realized the media not only that maintain a courage of mind but also promote and develop my public mindedness”.
“… public-minded conscious was driven by to ensure that things are well done, it doesn’t strange and I have found happiness with the thing I though and done for other people”.
“…just clear volunteering vision with the elderly’s caregiver who invested to learn piano for play the piano as the other hand of the elder people was very impress me. I think it was unnecessary to do, but she attempt to do for the elder’s happiness”.
In this study has found that individual public-minded consciousnessis classified into 4 levels as followed;
Level 1 is social responsibility and respecting the other’s rights. This level people regard the right to life, liberty and security of people. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards each other in their lifestyles without the intervention. So, that’s very thoughtful of interaction.
Level 2 is hesitation. This level people are nervous, embarrassed or worried, so they have a pause before doing something or a feeling that they should not do it.
Level 3 is an idea to help others in appropriate environment or context. This level people contribute to the performance based on their interactions to the environments involved by equipment, atmosphere and duties to preserving environments.
Level 4 is an attempt to do something success. This level people unconditionally intent to assist another personor others what they are capable without expecting rewards. As the samples said;
“…difference level of mindedness behavior, the lowest level is based on social responsibility, avoiding physical punishment and respecting the others’ rights; while, the second one is making decision to help. The thirdly is as acting for others’ acceptance, and the highest is becomes the helpful behaviors expressing sacrifice and solving the terrible situation without return”.
4.3 Network of service mind expanding
After the samples care for the elderly and disabled people in the community by using AIC as the main mechanism. The results revealed that three components to developed the public mind were themselves, their families, community leader, educational institute, teacher’s facilitate, and society. A model for cultivated the public mind in nursing student involved three elements; the policy development, the strategic planning determination, and operational development.
An approach to cultivated public awareness based on the nursing student’s opinion included;
1) Pre-regard to collective responsibility is to create or adapt a positive attitude towards the public-minded consciousness by studying to clarify the understanding of the public consciousness situations. Using stories telling, movie, and video watching. This phase should be developed from the family.
2) Regard to public awareness is a changing process of ideas, beliefs, and values regarding to their abilities, and creativity. Include an expanding their ability to help others which is a positive thinking towards public-minded consciousness. This phase requires the reinforcement from other people and the contributionenvironmentor context as peer groups.
3) Experiencing the Self-consciousness is determination to help othersin uncomplicated situation until the event of a disaster. People have learning by doing and affect from the recipients. This phage is a moment for achieve a positive impression on their actions. The prototype developed in this phase to ensure concrete action.
4)Experiencing the others-consciousness is the accumulation of public mindedness and cultivate a positive attitude towards public awareness until becomes the identity.
5) Experiencing the community-consciousness is a period of expanding public awareness and building networks with communicate their experience to others. This phase requires vocal group activities for the benefit of the community. Lessons learned by the reflective thinking to create and cultivate a positive attitude towards the public consciousness to others. As the samples said;
“…public mind needs motivation, but not compulsion. So, it is important to understand what, how, where, and when to do. Public-mindedness cultivation need communication and repeating action”.
“…mindedness behavior must include; 1) have a good attitude, good thought and good practice, 2) peer group—friend and teacher agreed with the idea to help and learn together. 3) ensure that things are well done for making people happy”.
“…volunteer activities have to be able to do for real. The factors that encourage the public mindedness were cultivated by parents, teachers who have a good role model”.
5. Discussion
The finding indicated nursing student’s opinion towards the nature of the public-minded consciousness is a process of thinking and attitude of that before and after clarify understanding are different. This study found that public-minded consciousness is able to achieved with anyone which the component includes 5 domains: 1) mental public or attitude 2) public activities 3) sacrifice behavior for others without rewards 4) public-minded consciousness modeling and 5) context that enabling mental public. Public-minded consciousness is classified into 4 levels as followed; Level 1 is a social responsibility and respecting the human rights. Level 2 is a hesitation. Level 3 is an idea to help others in appropriate environment or context. Level 4 is an attempt to do something success. An appropriate approach to cultivated public awareness based on the nursing students’ opinion include; 1) Pre-regard to collective responsibility which should be developed from the family, 2) regard to public awareness that requires the reinforcement from other people and the contributionenvironmentor context as peer groups, 3) experiencing the self-consciousness which the prototype developed in this phase to ensure concrete action, 4) experiencing the others-consciousness, and 5) experiencing the community-consciousness in this phase lessons learned by the reflective thinking to create and cultivate a positive attitude towards the public consciousness to others. The results coherent to various studies such as Siri Kaensa (2008), NongnapasThiengkamol (2012), Andrea Campbell & Nathaniel Persily, (2012), PhakawadeeLearsKarnchawat, (2011) and Constance Milbrath (2013).
6. Conclusion
Cultivation the Public-Minded Consciousness is the process changing in cognitive domain, affective domain, and volunteering behaviors to make the consciousness of benefit. Moreover, nursing student’s learning processes based on interaction to the environment involved peer group, teachers, community by rights and ability.The recommendation towards sustainable development the public awareness by policies established,encouraging the institutions integrate the cultivation public mind in the lessons and activities, creating collaboration with their parents to gain the nursing student’s public mind and enabling mental environment as peer groups for cultivation public-minded consciousness cover experiencing the others-consciousness and experiencing the community-consciousness.
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